Sleep and breathing causes: obstructive sleep apnea

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is one of the most important and underdiagnosed contributors to atrial fibrillation. It involves repeated partial or complete blockage of breathing during sleep.

Why sleep apnea contributes to AF

• Oxygen levels dip repeatedly, stressing the heart.
• Large pressure swings inside the chest can stretch the atria.
• Stress hormones rise, making the heart more irritable electrically.

Clues that sleep apnea may be present

• Loud snoring
• Witnessed pauses in breathing
• Waking unrefreshed, morning headaches
• Daytime sleepiness
• High blood pressure, especially if difficult to control

How it is tested

Sleep apnea is diagnosed with a sleep study, sometimes at home. Treatment can include CPAP, weight changes, reducing alcohol, and other measures.